Majjhima Nikāya 37

Cūḷa­taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­sutta

Evaṃ me sutaṃ—​   ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramā­tu­pāsāde. Atha kho sakko devānamindo yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho sakko devānamindo bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: “kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bhikkhu saṅkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accan­ta­yogak­khemī accan­tab­rahma­cārī accan­ta­pari­yosāno seṭṭho devamanussānan”ti?

“Idha, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti: ‘sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’ti. Evañcetaṃ, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti: ‘sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā’ti. So sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānāti; sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya sabbaṃ dhammaṃ parijānāti; sabbaṃ dhammaṃ pariññāya yaṃ kiñci vedanaṃ vedeti—sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā aduk­kha­ma­su­khaṃ vā, so tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharati, virāgānupassī viharati, nirodhānupassī viharati, paṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī viharati. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharanto, virāgānupassī viharanto, nirodhānupassī viharanto, paṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī viharanto na kiñci loke upādiyati. Anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati: ‘khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā’ti pajānāti. Ettāvatā kho, devānaminda, bhikkhu saṅkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accan­ta­yogak­khemī accan­tab­rahma­cārī accan­ta­pari­yosāno seṭṭho devamanussānan”ti.

Atha kho sakko devānamindo bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā tat­the­vantara­dhāyi.

Tena kho pana samayena āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavato avidūre nisinno hoti. Atha kho āyasmato ­mahā­mog­gallā­nassa etadahosi: “kiṃ nu kho so yakkho bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhisamecca anumodi udāhu no; yannūnāhaṃ taṃ yakkhaṃ jāneyyaṃ—yadi vā so yakkho bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhisamecca anumodi yadi vā no”ti? Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva—pubbārāme migāramā­tu­pāsāde antarahito devesu tāvatiṃsesu pāturahosi. Tena kho pana samayena sakko devānamindo ekapuṇḍarīke uyyāne dibbehi pañcahi tūriyasatehi samappito samaṅgībhūto paricāreti. Addasā kho sakko devānamindo āyasmantaṃ ­mahā­mog­gallā­naṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ. Disvāna tāni dibbāni pañca tūriyasatāni paṭippaṇāmetvā yenāyasmā mahāmoggallāno tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ ­mahā­mog­gallā­naṃ etadavoca: “ehi kho, mārisa moggallāna, svāgataṃ, mārisa moggallāna. Cirassaṃ kho, mārisa moggallāna, imaṃ pariyāyaṃ akāsi yadidaṃ idhāgamanāya. Nisīda, mārisa moggallāna, idamāsanaṃ paññattan”ti. Nisīdi kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno paññatte āsane. Sakkopi kho devānamindo aññataraṃ nīcaṃ āsanaṃ gahetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinnaṃ kho sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ āyasmā mahāmoggallāno etadavoca: “yathā kathaṃ pana kho, kosiya, bhagavā saṃkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimuttiṃ abhāsi? Sādhu mayampi etissā kathāya bhāgino assāma savanāyā”ti.

“Mayaṃ kho, mārisa moggallāna, bahukiccā bahukaraṇīyā—appeva sakena karaṇīyena, api ca devānaṃyeva tāvatiṃsānaṃ karaṇīyena. Api ca, mārisa moggallāna, sussutaṃyeva hoti suggahitaṃ sumanasikataṃ sūpadhāritaṃ, yaṃ no khippameva antaradhāyati. Bhūtapubbaṃ, mārisa moggallāna, devāsu­rasaṅgāmo samupabyūḷho ahosi. Tasmiṃ kho pana, mārisa moggallāna, saṅgāme devā jiniṃsu, asurā parājiniṃsu. So kho ahaṃ, mārisa moggallāna, taṃ saṅgāmaṃ abhivijinitvā vijitasaṅgāmo tato paṭinivattitvā vejayantaṃ nāma pāsādaṃ māpesiṃ. Vejayantassa kho, mārisa moggallāna, pāsādassa ekasataṃ niyyūhaṃ. Ekekasmiṃ niyyūhe satta satta kūṭāgārasatāni. Ekamekasmiṃ kūṭāgāre satta satta accharāyo. Ekamekissā accharāya satta satta paricārikāyo. Iccheyyāsi no tvaṃ, mārisa moggallāna, vejayantassa pāsādassa rāmaṇeyyakaṃ daṭṭhun”ti? Adhivāsesi kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno tuṇhībhāvena.

Atha kho sakko ca devānamindo vessavaṇo ca mahārājā āyasmantaṃ ­mahā­mog­gallā­naṃ purakkhatvā yena vejayanto pāsādo tenu­pasaṅka­miṃsu. Addasaṃsu kho sakkassa devānamindassa paricārikāyo āyasmantaṃ ­mahā­mog­gallā­naṃ dūratova āgacchantaṃ; disvā ottappamānā hirīyamānā sakaṃ sakaṃ ovarakaṃ pavisiṃsu. Seyyathāpi nāma suṇisā sasuraṃ disvā ottappati hirīyati; evameva sakkassa devānamindassa paricārikāyo āyasmantaṃ ­mahā­mog­gallā­naṃ disvā ottappamānā hirīyamānā sakaṃ sakaṃ ovarakaṃ pavisiṃsu. Atha kho sakko ca devānamindo vessavaṇo ca mahārājā āyasmantaṃ ­mahā­mog­gallā­naṃ vejayante pāsāde anu­caṅka­mā­penti anuvicarāpenti: “idampi, mārisa moggallāna, passa vejayantassa pāsādassa rāmaṇeyyakaṃ; idampi, mārisa moggallāna, passa vejayantassa pāsādassa rāmaṇeyyakan”ti. “Sobhati idaṃ āyasmato kosiyassa, yathā taṃ pubbe katapuññassa. Manussāpi kiñcideva rāmaṇeyyakaṃ disvā evamāhaṃsu: ‘sobhati vata bho yathā devānaṃ tāvatiṃsānan’ti. Tayidaṃ āyasmato kosiyassa sobhati, yathā taṃ pubbe katapuññassā”ti. Atha kho āyasmato ­mahā­mog­gallā­nassa etadahosi: “atibāḷhaṃ kho ayaṃ yakkho pamatto viharati. Yannūnāhaṃ imaṃ yakkhaṃ saṃvejeyyan”ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno tathārūpaṃ iddhābhi­saṅ­khā­raṃ abhisaṅkhāsi yathā vejayantaṃ pāsādaṃ pādaṅ­guṭṭha­kena saṅkampesi sampakampesi sampavedhesi. Atha kho sakko ca devānamindo, vessavaṇo ca mahārājā, devā ca tāvatiṃsā accha­riyab­bhuta­citta­jātā ahesuṃ: “acchariyaṃ vata, bho, abbhutaṃ vata, bho. Samaṇassa mahiddhikatā mahānubhāvatā, yatra hi nāma dibbabhavanaṃ pādaṅ­guṭṭha­kena saṅkampessati sam­pakam­pessati sampa­ve­dhes­satī”ti. Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ saṃviggaṃ loma­haṭṭha­jātaṃ viditvā sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavoca: “yathā kathaṃ pana kho, kosiya, bhagavā saṃkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimuttiṃ abhāsi? Sādhu mayampi etissā kathāya bhāgino assāma savanāyā”ti.

“Idhāhaṃ, mārisa moggallāna, yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkamiṃ; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsiṃ. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho ahaṃ, mārisa moggallāna, bhagavantaṃ etadavocaṃ: ‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bhikkhu saṅkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accan­ta­yogak­khemī accan­tab­rahma­cārī accan­ta­pari­yosāno seṭṭho devamanussānan’ti?

Evaṃ vutte, mārisa moggallāna, bhagavā maṃ etadavoca: ‘idha, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti: “sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā”ti. Evañcetaṃ, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti “sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā”ti. So sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya sabbaṃ dhammaṃ parijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ pariññāya yaṃ kiñci vedanaṃ vedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā aduk­kha­ma­su­khaṃ vā. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharati, virāgānupassī viharati, nirodhānupassī viharati, paṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī viharati. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharanto, virāgānupassī viharanto, nirodhānupassī viharanto, paṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī viharanto na kiñci loke upādiyati, anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati: “khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā”ti pajānāti. Ettāvatā kho, devānaminda, bhikkhu saṅkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accan­ta­yogak­khemī accan­tab­rahma­cārī accan­ta­pari­yosāno seṭṭho devamanussānan’ti. Evaṃ kho me, mārisa moggallāna, bhagavā saṅkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimuttiṃ abhāsī”ti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno sakkassa devānamindassa bhāsitaṃ abhinanditvā anumoditvā—seyyathāpi nāma balavā puriso samiñjitaṃ vā bāhaṃ pasāreyya, pasāritaṃ vā bāhaṃ samiñjeyya; evameva—devesu tāvatiṃsesu antarahito pubbārāme migāramā­tu­pāsāde pāturahosi. Atha kho sakkassa devānamindassa paricārikāyo acirapakkante āyasmante mahāmoggallāne sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavocuṃ: “eso nu te, mārisa, so bhagavā satthā”ti? “Na kho me, mārisa, so bhagavā satthā. Sabrahmacārī me eso āyasmā mahāmoggallāno”ti. “Lābhā te, mārisa, suladdhaṃ te, mārisa yassa te sabrahmacārī evaṃmahiddhiko evaṃma­hānu­bhāvo. Aho nūna te so bhagavā satthā”ti.

Atha kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno yena bhagavā tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi. Ekamantaṃ nisinno kho āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavantaṃ etadavoca: “abhijānāti no, bhante, bhagavā ahu ñātaññatarassa mahesakkhassa yakkhassa saṃkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimuttiṃ bhāsitā”ti? “Abhijānāmahaṃ, moggallāna, idha sakko devānamindo yenāhaṃ tenupasaṅkami; upasaṅkamitvā maṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhāsi. Ekamantaṃ ṭhito kho, moggallāna, sakko devānamindo maṃ etadavoca: ‘kittāvatā nu kho, bhante, bhikkhu saṃkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accan­ta­yogak­khemī accan­tab­rahma­cārī accan­ta­pari­yosāno seṭṭho devamanussānan’ti.

Evaṃ vutte, ahaṃ, moggallāna, sakkaṃ devānamindaṃ etadavocaṃ ‘idha devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti “sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā”ti. Evaṃ cetaṃ, devānaminda, bhikkhuno sutaṃ hoti “sabbe dhammā nālaṃ abhinivesāyā”ti. So sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ abhiññāya sabbaṃ dhammaṃ parijānāti, sabbaṃ dhammaṃ pariññāya yaṃ kiñci vedanaṃ vedeti sukhaṃ vā dukkhaṃ vā aduk­kha­ma­su­khaṃ vā. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharati, virāgānupassī viharati, nirodhānupassī viharati, paṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī viharati. So tāsu vedanāsu aniccānupassī viharanto, virāgānupassī viharanto, nirodhānupassī viharanto, paṭi­nissag­gā­nu­passī viharanto na kiñci loke upādiyati, anupādiyaṃ na paritassati, aparitassaṃ paccattaññeva parinibbāyati: “khīṇā jāti, vusitaṃ brahmacariyaṃ, kataṃ karaṇīyaṃ, nāparaṃ itthattāyā”ti pajānāti. Ettāvatā kho, devānaminda, bhikkhu saṃkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimutto hoti accantaniṭṭho accan­ta­yogak­khemī accan­tab­rahma­cārī accan­ta­pari­yosāno seṭṭho devamanussānan’ti. Evaṃ kho ahaṃ, moggallāna, abhijānāmi sakkassa devānamindassa saṃkhittena taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­vimuttiṃ bhāsitā”ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamano āyasmā mahāmoggallāno bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandīti.

Cūḷa­taṇhā­saṅ­kha­ya­suttaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ sattamaṃ.